RB DNA
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Poultry DNA
Each parent contributes one gene in each pair of genes. The phenotype for a specific trait in a chicken depends on the makeup of the gene pair for that trait.
POULTRY GENETICS
If you breed poultry or are considering breeding poultry, a basic knowledge of poultry genetics is important. In particular, it is useful to understand the key elements of genetics and to know why certain traits exist in certain chickens.
A basic knowledge of poultry genetics
- DNA (short for deoxyribonucleic acid)—The material containing the genetic instructions used in the development and function of an organism. DNA is arranged in the double helix–shaped strands.
- Gene—A segment of DNA that carries a blueprint for the function of a cell and, ultimately, a particular characteristic of an organism.
- Chromosome—A structure containing a complete strand of DNA. Chromosomes function in the transmission of hereditary material from one generation to the next. Chromosomes typically come in pairs, with one set donated from the mother and one from the father. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes. Chickens have 39 pairs.
- Genotype—The genetic makeup of an organism.
- Phenotype—The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism resulting from its genotype. Examples of aspects of a chicken’s phenotype include body shape, feather color, eye color, comb type, and so on.